This option defines the host key algorithms made available by the ssh server. the default ones are /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key, /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key, /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key and /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key. It can be used to define a file that contains a private host key. This option specifies if the server needs to perform a reverse name lookup for names present in the /.shosts, ~/.rhosts, and /etc/hosts.equiv files. This option specifies whether a public key present in the client machine can authenticate a host on the remote server. Before that, we suggest readers test their effective sshd configuration by using the below simple command. Now, you can proceed to configure your ssh server. This way, if you mess up your sshd_config file, you can always revert to the original configuration. $ sudo cp /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config.bak You can do this by opening up your favorite Linux terminal emulator and issuing the following command. It is located in the /etc/ssh/ directory of your filesystem.īefore moving on to tweak some of its parameters, we suggest you back up the current copy of the sshd_config file. The sshd_config file specifies the configuration parameters and holds the address of other config files, including one or more host key files and authorized_keys files. OpenSSH supports a large number of configuration options for controlling things such as communication settings and authentication modes. $ sudo apt install openssh-client How to Configure OpenSSH Server Use the below command to install the OpenSSH client in your system. This command will install the server daemon. However, if you need to install it manually, you can do it using the following simple command. Most modern Linux distributions come with OpenSSH already installed. We will also outline the best practices for configuring and hardening OpenSSH at the end of this section. We will show the best configuration options for both personal use and enterprise purposes. The following section will discuss how to install the OpenSSH server daemon and configure it. Installing and Configuring OpenSSH Server Any commands entered on this console are sent over an encrypted SSH tunnel for executing on the remote machine. When a user successfully connects to the remote machine using the ssh command, he is greeted by a text-based console. This is facilitated by tools such as ssh-add and ssh-keygen. The end-user need to choose the appropriate communication mechanism for their connection. If the user uses SCP instead, sshd will initiate a secure copy session. It constantly listens for incoming requests and sets up the appropriate connection type when a new request comes in.įor example, if a user uses the ssh client program to communicate with the server, sshd will set up a remote control session as soon as the authentication is successful. The core utility of the OpenSSH suite responsible for managing remote connections is the OpenSSH Server or sshd. OpenSSH makes it easy to authenticate legitimate users and to encrypt remote connections. It removes the security vulnerabilities associated with legacy methods such as the Linux FTP command and telnet. The Fundamentals of an OpenSSH ServerĪs suggested by its name, OpenSSH utilizes the SSH (Secure Shell) protocol for providing remote connection and data transfer facilities. The below sections provide a meaningful understanding of the fundamental services and security tips. Some of its notable features include traffic encryption, several powerful authentication methods, secure tunneling, and sophisticated configuration abilities. The OpenSSH server sits at the heart of remote communication between Linux and/or BSD machines.
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